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The knowledge bank of ESA’s R&D programmes

Spectroscopic radiation hard imaging detector for observation, astronomy and space dosimetry

Programme
Discovery
Programme Reference
EISI_I-2023-05278
Contractor
Advafab Oy
Start Date
End Date
Status
Closed
Country
Finland
Spectroscopic radiation hard imaging detector for observation, astronomy and space dosimetry
Description

The project activity focused on the development of advanced direct-conversion detectors for X/γ-ray systems, which are critical for applications requiring reliable detection of radiation, ranging from single photons to high fluxes within the broad mid-energy spectrum. Traditional materials such as Si and Ge have limitations, particularly in detecting higher energy ranges, which motivates the search for semiconductors with a wider band gap, higher X/γ-ray absorption efficiency, and favorable electrical characteristics. GaAs stands out as a strong candidate, owing to its optimal properties, particularly having high detection capability in the energy range above the Si sensor’s operating range and below that of CdZnTe-based sensors. However, despite its potential, significant challenges exist in creating GaAs-based sensors, such as obtaining high-quality, structurally perfect GaAs crystals and optimizing fabrication processes for pixel sensors. The project has addressed these challenges by leveraging advanced approaches and innovative techniques to prepare GaAs-based pixel sensors for spectroscopic and imaging applications, especially in demanding environments such as space and high-energy research. GaAs semiconductors have been studied for over 30 years as materials for ionizing radiation detection, with recent advancements in Cr-compensation enabling high-resistivity crystals for improved charge carrier collection and higher bias voltages. While Si detectors dominate the market, GaAs offers superior radiation sensitivity, energy resolution, and detection efficiency, especially for high-energy X-rays. Advafab is introducing advanced GaAs-based hybrid pixel detector modules with these advantages, making them ideal for applications such as spectroscopic measurements, radiation-hard imaging, high-resolution observation, and X/γ-ray and charged particle dosimetry.

Technology Domain
23 - Electrical, Electronic and Electro-mechanical (EEE) Components and Quality
Executive summary