Future X-ray astronomy missions have identified a need for large area, optical filters with very high transmission in the soft X-ray portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Current single-frequency Satellite Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS) and planned dual-frequency multi-constellation (DFMC) SBAS systems enable approach operations with vertical guidance with time to alarm (TTA) of 6 seconds, but do not support auto land operations with decision height (DH) much less than 200 feet, and time to alarm down to 1-2 seconds . These critical TTA requirements cannot be met by having all integrity monitors centralized at the Ground Segment. Therefore, there is a need to distribute the integrity monitors amongst different Ground, Space and User Segments.

GNSS and other positioning systems are expected to have a very important role in Smart Cities. In this context, the design of the high-level architecture of a testbed to support future applications of GNSS and other positioning systems in Smart Cities is of high interest. The design of this testbed shall consider as baseline the availability of a network of distributed smart sensors, which are remotely accessible and configurable from the cloud, and existing network infrastructures shall be considered.

The activity aims to develop techniques (e.g. high sensitivity algorithms, data wipe off for Galileo, optimal data plus pilot combinations etc.) in order to enhance the capability of mass market receivers taking into account their typical resources constraints (limited power, memory, open loop platform etc...). The activity shall investigate the application of these techniques for phase and code tracking down to the detailed design of the techniques for different type of usage and in different type of environment.

Open GNSS signal authentication is one of the main future challenges that the GNSS community will have to face in order to support safety critical applications. One of the major evolutions proposed for the Satellite Based Augmentation Systems (SBAS) systems is to provide authentication services to their users. This evolution is still under debate in international fora, therefore this activity proposes to investigate the issue starting from the consolidation of the spoofing scenarios and the potential anti-spoofing techniques that can be integrated in an airborne navigation system.

A crucial benefit of metrological experiments in space is the extended measurement time, which can only be fully utilized when using specially prepared ultra-cold atomic samples, Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs), having the minimum temperatures allowed by quantum mechanics. By utilizing a new method using Grating Magneto-Optical Traps (G-MOTs) which is fast, simple and compact, the generated BEC will be in an ideal format for space and terrestrial applications.

Using the heritage of the existing space-x micro-cameras used in missions such as SMART-1, Exomars, the activity aims at developing a new generation of low energy and low cost cameras for future ESA missions. Thanks to on-going technological developments, the mass of scientific imaging systems (in particular for space exploration) was already drastically reduced during the past few years. However, progress in micro-electronics will also allow a significant reduction in power consumption.

The activity scope is to trade-off GNSS payload architectures and technologies that would enable the main streams of GNSS payload Long Term Evolution (2020/2025):1)Signal Generation Flexibility/Re-configurability, 2)Power Control Flexibility, 3)EIRP Increase, 4)Performance improvements .A)Analyse the Galileo Signal Generation Subsystem, its requirements, performance and limitations (, e.g. technological, functional, etc.) in terms of signal generation flexibility/re-configurability.

In the long term evolution of GNSS, it is expected that new signals and innovative signal designs will be conceived to support the next-generation of GNSS applications. These future GNSS signals will require innovative protection mechanisms to enable the business models of value-added services from multiple service providers, ensuring the protection of service revenues.