The ISS Exploration Capabilities Study (IECS) is a joint study undertaken by ESA in cooperation with the 4 other ISS partners: NASA, JAXA, Rosscosmos, and CSA. In the IECS study, the human exploration programme for the period 2021-2030 is addressed. In this study it is proposed that in the first half of the 2020(s), a joint programme could start by building a Cis-Lunar Transport Habitat (CTH) vehicle. The CTH will be placed on a NRO orbit around the Moon. Safety of underlying trajectories is critical for rendezvous to human-tended infrastructure.

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This activity aims to understand better the complete environmental impacts of space missions, filling the knowledge gaps from previous studies. This in turn allows identification of areas where impacts are concentrated (hotspots) in order to focus future attention for making improvements.

Flash FPGAs combine the reprogrammability and flexibility of SRAM-based FPGAS, with immunity to configuration upsets, low static power and a non-volatile configuration, which are characteristics more common to antifuse-based FPGAs. The latest developments in Flash-based FPGAs, e.g. the 4th generation Microsemi Flash FPGAs (RTG4), offer a high number of high-performance programmable logic resources, large and fast on-board memories, and high performance I/O - SERDES, LVDS, DDR, etc.