Characterise fragmentation and demise process for the identified critical platform optics and electronic equipment. Develop validated materials and equipment reentry models for the tested equipment.

With the current best knowledge, equipment such as Star-Trackers, RIUs, PCDUs, Batteries are elements of great uncertainty and for which the demise models need to be matured and validated. In some of these cases this may be related to lack of knowledge and validated models by test leading to conservative assumptions on materials used, modelling approach and break-up process these are units that may not demise in system level simulations (unlike what was indicated in previous studies). Actually, some of these equipment have recently been identified as critical in recent reviews, having an impact on the compliance with the on-ground casualty risk requirements.ESA has now officially established DRAMA as its reference verification tool for the on-ground casualty risk requirement. Hence, validated DRAMA models and modelling rules are necessary in order to ease the demise assessment and avoid unfair competition based on different modelling approaches.Through recent activities, the whole modelling and test process is now much better understood. In 2018 an internal multi-disciplinary activity called DIVE (Demise Verification Guidelines) was conducted, representing a major step forward and establishing a methodology to develop validated and commonly accepted demise models that can be made available to the community for use in reentry simulations (e.g. through an equipment and materials DRAMA database).This activity encompasses the following tasks: - Characterisation of the fragmentation and demise process of critical equipment through tests and simulations- Developing validated materials and equipment level models- Propose design changes to improve the demise of these equipment and develop models to evaluate and verify their impactThis activity address important gaps in the knowledge of the platform demise and develop validated equipment and material level models to be included in DRAMA databases and used in system level compliance verification.