Space weather observations and the prediction of expected disturbances on ground- and space-based infrastructure are critical for the safety and evolution of our modern society. Space weather events, like solar storms, can have a significant impact on navigation, communication, power grids and other electrical conducting infrastructures. Therefore, space weather predictions are very important, but recently lack a reliable estimation of the geo-effectivity as well as detailed information for regions and systems potentially affected.

The results of the IOSPR maturation phase study done by D-Orbit (UK) are presented.

The market for life‐extension services for geostationary orbit (GEO) satellites is expected to remain healthy for the foreseeable future: over the last 20 years, an average of 22 new GEO satellites were launched per year. In total, ClearSpace expects there will be 370 potential client satellites that will reach their end of life due to the limited fuel they have remaining over the 2026–2041 period. ClearSpace believes a strong market penetration rate is feasible, as more than 30% of all the potential satellites belong to just seven satellite operators.

Currently GNSS Systems provide services for instantaneous absolute positioning accuracy of a few meters, assuming no local obstructions above 5-10 degrees elevation, based on the navigation signals broadcast by a MEO constellation.

The main objective of this activity was to develop and demonstrate new techniques which are expected to improve the current state-of-the-art Space Weather forecasting techniques and products related to Space Weather effects for Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT) systems in the Arctic, with particular attention to the Greenland area. For this purpose, the activity investigated and tested innovative methods for monitoring and predicting Space Weather impacts on PNT in interested area.

Electrical, Electronic and Electro-mechanical (EEE) components play an essential role in the functional performance, quality, life cycle and costs of space systems. EEE components are fundamental building blocks of any spacecraft and major drivers in determining their performances. Guaranteeing access to EEE components able to provide the necessary performances to comply with the requirements of future satellite missions is of paramount importance to maintain a successful and autonomous satellite manufacturing capabilities.

The objective of the Space Weather impact on Arctic Navigation (SWAN) project has been to
develop and demonstrate new techniques, which are expected to improve on the current
state-of-the-art space weather forecasting techniques and products related to space weather
effects for Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT) systems in the Arctic, with particular
attention to the Greenland area.

The aim of the LIFELINE project was to perform a feasibility study of a Relativistic Positioning System. Nowadays, all GNSS in operation are based on Newtonian physics and rely on global reference frames fixed to Earth. Relativistic effects are treated as deviations that need to be corrected. A practical RPS would consist, for example, in a constellation of satellites, each one broadcasting not only its General Relativity coordinates (proper times or other observables) at emission but also the coordinates that it receives from the other satellites.

The objective of Fluidics experiment is in the first instance to validate the behavior of fluids predicted by computational tools and a priori models in a controlled long duration microgravity environment. From the technological perspective objective of the experiment addresses issues relative to the slosh of fluids during specific spacecraft and satellites maneuvers. The more fundamental objective aims at observing capillary wave turbulence on the surface of a fluid layer in a low-gravity environment in order to be able to correct the physics assumed in computational tools.

The objective of this study was to help define how to maintain and further develop European access to the surface of Mars, the major destination for European exploration, following the most recent approved and developed (or currently in development) missions (ExoMars 2016, ExoMars RSP).